Friday, April 4, 2025

New train between Rameswaram, Tambaram

New train between Rameswaram, Tambaram 

04.04.2025

Board, on Wednesday, approved Southern Railway’s proposal for the introduction of a daily train between Tambaram and Rameswaram. The train, which will travel through the mainline connecting delta districts, is likely to be flagged off by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday. In a letter, Railway Board said Train No. 16103 Tambaram – Rameswaram Express will leave Tambaram at 6.05pm every day and reach Rameswaram at 5.45 am the next day. Train No. 16104 Rameswaram – Tambaram Express will leave Rameswaram at 5.35pm every day and reach Tambaram at 3.10am the next day. 

The train will have stoppages at Chengalpet, Villupuram, Tirupadiripuliyur, Chidambaram, Mayiladuthurai, Thiruvarur, Tiruturaipoondi, Pattukottai, Arantangi, Karaikudi, Sivaganga, Manamadurai, Paramakudi, and Ramanathapuram. It will have LHB (LinkeHoffman Busch) coaches with one 2-tier AC coach, five 3-tier AC coaches, six sleeper coaches, four general coaches, one luggage-cum-generator coach, and one guard and differently abled (divyaang) coach. 


These trains will run on electric traction from Tambaram to Tiruvarur and diesel traction from Tiruvarur to Rameswaram and vice versa. TNN

Bar colleges with fake faculty: NGO

Bar colleges with fake faculty: NGO 

TIMES NEWS NETWORK 04.04.2025

Chennai : Arappor Iyakkam, an anti-corruption NGO, has urged the Tamil Nadu govt to debar engineering colleges found to be involved in showing fake faculty members from taking part in upcoming engineering counselling. Anna University is to conduct reinspection for 2024-25 and physical inspection of all engineering colleges and courses for granting affiliation for the next academic year (2025-26) from thelast week of March. “Aadhaar-based face authentication will be used and the varsity will videograph the inspection to rule out duplication of faculty members. However, it should also check for salary statements, PF, and ESI details to ensure the faculty was employed in the college,” said Radhakrishnan M from the NGO. 


He also sought removal of sub-standard colleges from participating in counselling. The NGO found that 353 people worked in multiple engineering colleges du-ring the 2023-24 academic year. Following this, the varsity’sinternal probe found 2,000 faculty positions were shown with fake faculty members by engineering colleges for 2024-25. “The higher education department set up a fact-finding committee following the expose. The committee was given one week’s time. Despite the lapse of eight months, there has been no announcement on the progress of the inquiry or action taken against the colleges,” the NGO said in arepresentation to chief minister M K Stalin and higher education minister Govi Chezhiaan. The university found the involvement of around 1,000 faculty members and around 30 engineering colleges involved in the duplication of identity. “The university can take action against the colleges which have shown fake faculty members for the 2023-24 academic year. For other colleges, the action can be taken after the physical inspection,” Radhakrishnan said.

Govt warns colleges against misleading placement ads

Govt warns colleges against misleading placement ads

Ragu.Raman@timesofindia.com 04.04.2025

Chennai : Tamil Nadu state council for higher education (TANSCHE) on Thursday warned engineering, arts, and science colleges against issuing misleading information, including inflated salary packages, in advertisements of campus placement. “It has come to our attention that some institutions are presenting misleading information in their placement-related advertisements on inflated salary packages. Some ads also portray internships as full-time employment,” a circular from TANSCHE issued to all colleges said. 

Sources said some colleges have been claiming in their ads that their students received up to ₹2 crore pay packages. “Colleges are advised to maintain accuracy and transparency in all placement-related communications. Salary packages, job roles, and other employment details must be presented truthfully, ensuring students receive re liable information about their career prospects,” the circular further said.

It has also asked the colleges to adhere to ethical standards and ensure responsible communication in all admission and placement-related materials. “Such practices create unrealistic expecta tions among students and parents and must be avoided,” M P Vijayakumar, vice-chairman of TANSCHE, said. He further said the higher education council will actively monitor placement-related advertisements issued by higher education institutions and, if needed, will audit the claims made by the institutions. “Placement advertisements are published to lure parents and students,” said T Kalaiselvan, former additional director, Centre for University Industry Collaboration, Anna University. “Like an academic audit, the council should evolve a mechanism for third-party placement audits in the colleges. On demand from competent authorities, the colleges should produce details like job roles, names of the companies, and salary package letters. 

It would prevent spreading the misleading information,” he added.



Professors have asked the parents and students to verify the claims made by colleges in these advertisement

High speed driving not necessarily negligent: HC

High speed driving not necessarily negligent: HC 

Abhinav.Garg@timesofindia.com  04.04.2025

New Delhi : Driving a vehicle at ahigh speed is not necessarily tantamount to rash and negligent driving, Delhi high court ruled while acquitting a petitioner. The HC ruling came while hearing an appeal filed by a car cleaner, who had taken someone else’s vehicle out for a spin, but lost control and fatally hit two pe destrians in 2012. The petitioner, who claimed there was a sudden tyre burst that led to the accident, was handed an 18- month jail term in 2022. Allowing the appeal filed by the man, Justice Saurabh Banerjee said that merely because the petitioner was driving at a “high speed”, one cannot conclude he was “rash and negligent”. 


Justice Banerjee had examined the testimonies of witnesses who all said the car was being driven at a high speed, but could offer no further details on whether it was being driven rashly. The judge pointed out that there were lacunae in the case set up by prosecution. “Prosecution was not able to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt that the petitioner was indeed driving the car in a ‘rash and negligent’ manner, which resulted in the demise of the two pedestrians,” Justice Banerjee ruled, acquitting the petitioner. The jud ge further observed that several circumstantial aspects, such as the time of the accident, the condition of the vehicle, and whether there was indeed a flat tyre had “neither been addressed by prosecution nor taken into consideration” by the trial courts. The court said that to sustain any punishment or conviction, it is a pre-requisite that the act that leads to death or is likely to cause injury must be “rash” and “negligent”.

SC to hear petition by Bengal govt on April 8

SC to hear petition by Bengal govt on April 8 

04.04.2025

However, SC said even though non-tainted candidates would lose jobs because the entire selection process stands cancelled, they won’t be asked to refund salaries and other reimbursements they received. “No candidate can be appointed (from the select list for 2016 recruitment) once the entire examination process and results have been declared void,” the bench said. In another important clarification, SC said some of the selected candidates, who do not fall in the tainted category and may have worked in govt departments prior to their selection to the teaching and non-teaching jobs, “will have the right to apply to their previous de partments or autonomous bodies to continue in their service with those entities”. 

Their application for being restored to their previous jobs would be processed in three months and they allowed to resume their positions, the court said, adding, “The period between termination of their previous appointment and their rejoining will not be considered a break in employment.” The bench said it will on April 8 hear the petition filed by state govt challenging HC direction for a CBI probe against officials and ministers who decided to create supernumerary posts for teachers and non-teaching staff, and appoint more people than those who had made it to the list of selected candidates. Full report on www.toi.in

SC quashes ‘tainted’ selection of 25,752 Bengal school staff ‘Fraud, Cover-Up Dented Process Beyond Repair’

SC quashes ‘tainted’ selection of 25,752 Bengal school staff ‘Fraud, Cover-Up Dented Process Beyond Repair’ 

Dhananjay.Mahapatra@timesofindia.com 04.04.2025

New Delhi : In a big blow to the West Bengal govt, Supreme Court on Thursday concurred with Calcutta high court’s decision to cancel the 2016 recruitment of more than 25,000 teachers and non-teaching staff for the state’s govt schools, saying the selection process was corrupted beyond repair. Dismissing appeals of the Mamata Banerjee govt, West Bengal School Services Commission (WBSSC) and 125 petitions by successful candidates, abench of Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna and Justice Sanjay Kumar said, “The entire selection process has been vitiated and tainted beyond resolution.” Writing the 41-page judgment that rejected fervent pleas for segregation of tainted and untainted candidates instead of cancelling the entire recruitment process, CJI Khanna said, “Manipulations and frauds on a large scale, coupled with the attempted cover-up, have dented the selection process … The credibility and legitimacy of the selection are denuded.” 

Referring to the destruction of candidates’ OMR (answer) sheets purportedly for illegal rank jumping, appointment of those who didn’t qualify and even those who submitted blank answer papers, the bench said HC had on April 22 last year rightly decided to order cancellation of the entire recruitment. SC said the tainted candidates, who were appointed as teachers or to non-teaching staff posts, “should be required to refund any salaries/payments received. Since their appointments were the result of fraud, this amounts to cheating”. uHearing on April 8, P 14 SC to hear petition by Bengal govt on April 8 However, SC said even though non-tainted candidates would lose jobs because the entire selection process stands cancelled, they won’t be asked to refund salaries and other reimbursements they received. “No candidate can be appointed (from the select list for 2016 recruitment) once the entire examination process and results have been declared void,” the bench said. 

In another important clarification, SC said some of the selected candidates, who do not fall in the tainted category and may have worked in govt departments prior to their selection to the teaching and non-teaching jobs, “will have  the right to apply to their previous departments or autonomous bodies to continue in their service with those entities”. Their application for being restored to their previous jobs would be processed in three months and they allowed to resume their positions, the court said, adding, “The period between termination of their previous appointment and their rejoining will not be considered a break in employment.”


The bench said it will on April 8 hear the petition filed by state govt challenging HC direction for a CBI probe against officials and ministers who decided to create supernumerary posts for teachers and non-teaching staff, and appoint more people than those who had made it to the list of selected candidates. Full report on www.toi.in

Thursday, April 3, 2025

NEWS TODAY 3.4.2025



















 

Should a TN medical student serve in U’khand village, asks top court


Should a TN medical student serve in U’khand village, asks top court

 Dhananjay.Mahapatra@timesofindia.com 3.4.2025 

New Delhi : Supreme Court on Wednesday faulted Uttarakhand govt’s 2009 policy mandating non-state students admitted to MBBS courses in its medical colleges under the 15% all-India quota (AIQ) to either serve in remote areas for five years or pay Rs 30 lakh in addition to steep annual fees.

 “What is the use of asking a student from Tamil Nadu, who gets admission into an MBBS course in a govt medical college in Uttarakhand based on his all-India rank and primarily taught medicine in English, to serve in inaccessible areas of the state?” asked a division bench.

 “Will he be able to interact with patients in remote villages and inaccessible areas and treat them? It is a laudable concept for inter-state exchange of civil servants and other subject experts. However, a state cannot decide rural service for non-state all-India quota students, doing MBBS from the govt college within its territory.

It requires a uniform policy decision, for which the Union govt is the competent authority,” the bench said. 

As per the 2009 policy decision of the Uttarakhand govt, an AIQ student was required to sign a bond for Rs 30 lakh promising to serve in rural areas for five years on completing an MBBS course from its medical college. It also stipulated that if an AIQ student opted out of mandatory rural service in the state, then he would have to pay an annual fee of Rs 2.2 lakh instead of Rs 15,000. 

The bench said the policy itself provided an exit policy, that is if the AIQ student did not want to serve in remote areas of the state after completing MBBS degree, then he had to pay an annual fee of Rs 2.2 lakh instead of Rs 15,000 payable by those who were willing to serve in the hinterland. Quashing the condition of Rs 30 lakh bond, it said those who had signed the bond and had yet n ot served in rural areas would now have to pay arrears of the annual fee of Rs 2.2 lakh with 9% simple interest instead of 18% directed by the HC.

How chatbots became the new-age parenting guru

How chatbots became the new-age parenting guru 

AI tools like ChatGPT are not only coming in handy for homework assignments ( don’t judge, please! ), they are also offering both practical advice and emotional support 

Neha Bhayana Five-year-old Anaisha ran to her mother for help with drawing a decent unicorn. “Please show me an easy way,” she begged. Zenobia Panthaky was at a loss for ideas, more so as she was busy changing her six-month-old’s diaper, so she decided to ask her trusted parenting partner, ChatGPT. A few seconds later Panthaky followed the steps suggested by the AI app and helped Anaisha draw a beautiful unicorn which she put up in her room. “ChatGPT is my secret genie,” winks the Punebased software professional. 



One would have imagined that Indian parents, who are always trying to restrict their kids’ screen time and reminiscing about the good ol’ days when students went to libraries or looked up encyclopedias, would steer clear of artificial intelligence. But the opposite is happening, experts say. Like many moms and dads across the world, Indian parents too are bitten by the AI bug. From asking Meta AI about how to deal with the multiple night wakings of their baby to seeking ChatGPT’s help with preschool projects and research for higher grades and even venting about their daily struggles with non-cooperative kids, parents say artificial intelligence is their trusted advisor, assistant, confidante and companion rolled into one.

HOMEWORK HELPER ChatGPT seems to have become a parent’s best homework helper. Need to make your son solve an equation but can’t think of an easy way? Ask ChatGPT. Need to help your daughter write an Independence Day speech about the freedom struggle? Ask Meta AI to write it for you. The ninth edition of the Global Online Safety Survey by Microsoft revealed that 65% of Indians used generative AI in 2024, which is more than twice the global average. ‘Support with schoolwork’ was among the top reasons for use of AI. 

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the world’s largest tech professionals’ organisation, conducted a survey with millennial parents (aged 24 to 39 years) across US, UK, India, China and Brazil and reported that 81% of Indian parents would be comfortable taking the help of robot nannies to help their kids do homework compared to the global average of 66% who would do so. Apart from Indians, only Chinese parents expressed similar comfort. Mumbai-based Khyati Mehta, who introduces herself as a full-time mom and part-time French teacher, says AI came to the rescue when she was struggling to help her son prepare for the Class 7 final exams earlier this month.

 “Some chemistry concepts are too complicated. I asked ChatGPT to give us a simplified version which we could remember, retain and use in writing the papers,” says Mehta, adding that without the tool she would have had to check multiple websites or watch videos uploaded by tutors on YouTube to try to understand how to determine the valency of chemical compounds and explain it to her son. The 41-year-old also asked the app to produce English and Gujarati sample essays on various topics and made her son read those the day before the language exams, so he could tackle the write-ups better. For the English literature exam, Mehta wanted to create a timeline of the places visited by the protagonist in the novel ‘The Invisible Man’ so she simply scanned and uploaded the text and ChatGPT presented her the timeline in an easy-to-understand tabular format within seconds. “I think AI is a great tool to help a child understand lessons better and enhance the academic performance,” she says.

POSTPARTUM PARTNER Moms with newborns say that while they would hesitate to call a friend or relative at 3am to ask why their baby won’t stop crying, AI helps them with instant advice at any hour. “I use AI for whatever doubts I have,” says Panthaky. The Pune mom points out that she first used ChatGPT after her younger daughter’s delivery because she wanted to know about quick games that she could play with her elder one while lying in bed. “I had a bad postpartum phase. My baby was in the neonatal intensive care unit for 15 days and I was not feeling well enough to look after my elder one. ChatGPT gave me some very good suggestions,” she says, adding that now most of her conversations with the app are regarding food for her six-monthold.

 “I recently asked ChatGPT if it would be a good idea to mix rice and apple for my baby’s meal. ChatGPT not only validated this but also gave me five more options, some personalised for me,” she adds. Delhi mom Shriya Bhatia says Meta AI gives her clearer and sounder advice than her friends’ group. “If I ask fellow moms if it is okay to give egg to my 10-month-old, I get so many different opinions that I feel more confused. Sometimes, it is easier to ask Meta AI,” she says. Panthaky, however, feels no one can replace mommy friends or family elders when it comes to giving emotional support. 

TANTRUM TAMER Kunal Dalal, author of the book ‘The A.I. Parent: How artificial intelligence is helping me be a better father’ observes in a LinkedIn post that AI has become “a partner in the emotional and psychological work of parenting, one that can help us cultivate greater self-awareness, empathy, and resilience in ourselves and our children.” Most parents who have used AI chatbots for advice on managing tantrums, meltdowns and teen drama seem to agree. When Niti Mehta (name changed) told Meta AI that her 12-year-old had asked her to get out of the room (she was too embarrassed to talk to her friends or mom about this) and asked for suggestions on how to react, the chatbot not only acknowledged her feelings (“It is natural to feel hurt…) and explained why this had happened (“Your 12-yearold is growing up and asserting her independence”), it also helped her with a potential script for her response: “Hey [daughter’s name], I wanted to talk to you about earlier when you asked me to leave your room. I felt a bit hurt, but I understand that you need your own space sometimes. Can you help me understand why you wanted me to leave? Let’s talk about how we can respect each other’s boundaries.” 

Mehta says she felt better instantly. “And, I literally repeated the script, otherwise I wouldn’t have known how to handle this situation,” she says, adding that WhatsApp’s Meta AI is like having a personal, non-judgmental therapist at your fingertips. The IEEE survey had also found that 83% of Indian parents are likely to use an AI chatbot to diagnose their sick child in the future. Parents say they are already doing this. “If I Google the symptoms faced by my child, I end up scouring sites for hours. AI gives me a potential diagnosis in seconds,” says Bhatia. In an article on Motherly, twin mom Sarah Boland admits she seeks advice from parenting support AI app Breda and others to ease her mental load. “I know that I won’t be able to turn to AI for every parenting situation but it’s nice to know I have a resource quite literally in my back pocket that can guide me through whatever comes my way,” she notes.

SILENT OBSERVER While a section of parents is using AI to their advantage, some are still wary of its use. Punebased counselling psychologist and early childhood educator Pritika Parwani is one of them. “While the benefits of AI are tremendous and it saves time for educators and counsellors like me, it has robbed the generation of creativity. The whole essence of research, including the use of physical texts, encyclopaedias and even basic Google search is lost entirely. I have students who submit entirely plagiarised and AI generated essays, without even reading it once,” she says, adding that she hopes to keep her daughter away from AI writing tools as much as possible.

The 33-year-old admits she does occasionally use AI tools, such as Canva and ChatGPT to design worksheets and generate annual lesson plans aligned to the learning outcomes, but she makes sure her use is minimal. “I still prefer old school research and brainstorming for my work!” she says. Mumbai mom-of-two Shradha Grover too avoids use of Meta AI, as tempting as it may be, and prefers to come up with her own creative ideas for her six-year-old’s school presentations. “I would often use AI for help with thinking about topics for show-and-tell day at school, but I try not to now,” she says, adding that she feels concerned that AI is “like a silent observer” tracking all our activities, searches and even emotions. “I feel the disadvantages are more than the advantages,” she quips. The frequent incidents of deepfakes, scams, online abuse, and hallucinations has also made parents like Grover concerned about the adverse impact of AI.

Here’s how ChatGPT helped us solve some common parenting issues 

My toddler is lying on the floor in a mall. Should I give in to his demand? ChatGPT begins the 253-word answer by assuring the parent “It’s completely normal for toddlers to get overwhelmed or upset and express themselves by lying on the floor”. The app then says that the situation will determine whether the parent should give in to the demand or not. Moreover, the app advises the parent to consider the child’s safety first, then assess the demand (see if it is reasonable or not) and stay calm. The parent is also advised to try to distract the toddler. Most parents would agree that this is a very practical suggestion. Logic and reasoning usually fail when one is trying to manage a tantrum.

How to get my kid to listen to me? ChatGPT came up with a 777-word answer to this question. The app suggested 11 strategies like ‘Make eye contact, use positive reinforcement and use a calm and assertive tone’. Each suggestion is followed by an explanation and tips too. My baby is spitting out khichdi. What can I do? The app advises the parent to check the texture and temperature of the khichdi, offer smaller bites, use colourful spoons and bowls, and be patient. “Introduce khichdi slowly and continue offering it even if they refuse initially. It can take several tries for babies to accept a new food,” reads a point in the 239-word answer. ChatGPT also asks the parent to consult a paediatrician if the baby continues to reject food and enquires about the child’s age. When we say the age is five months, the chatbot presents tips appropriate for that age and also advises the parent to ensure the khichdi is smooth and runny as the child is too small.

Bengaluru Man Lands in ICU After BP Hits 230 : 'Work is important, but...'


Bengaluru Man Lands in ICU After BP Hits 230 : 'Work is important, but...'

Amit Mishra, the founder and CEO of Dazeinfo Media and Research, shared his shocking experience in a viral LinkedIn post. He described how an ordinary Saturday turned into a medical emergency.

Authored by: Shivya Kanojia

Updated Apr 2, 2025, 23:15 IST

Mishra was immediately admitted to the ICU, where doctors worked to stabilise his condition.

A Bengaluru entrepreneur had a harsh reminder that health should always come first when he was rushed to the ICU after a sudden spike in blood pressure.

Amit Mishra, the founder and CEO of Dazeinfo Media and Research, shared his shocking experience in a viral LinkedIn post. He described how an ordinary Saturday turned into a medical emergency. While working on his laptop, he suddenly suffered a severe nosebleed that would not stop. Within moments, his washbasin was covered in blood, and he feared losing consciousness.

By the time he reached Apollo Hospital, he had already lost a significant amount of blood. The emergency team struggled for 20 minutes to control the bleeding. However, what followed was even more alarming—his blood pressure had soared to a dangerous 230. There were no prior symptoms, no history of hypertension, and no warning signs like dizziness or headaches.

Mishra was immediately admitted to the ICU, where doctors worked to stabilise his condition. Though his BP was eventually brought under control, a new problem arose the next morning when he attempted to walk. His blood pressure dropped drastically, causing him to faint, leaving doctors baffled.

Over the next four days, he underwent multiple tests, including ECG, LFT, ECHO, cholesterol tests, and even an angiography. Surprisingly, all results came back normal. His unexplained BP fluctuations have raised serious concerns, and further tests are still required.

'' The big question: How did my BP shoot up so high and suddenly dropped without warning?

While I am still under treatment, need to go through few more test, this experience left me with some important learnings:

- Your body doesn’t always give clear warnings. High BP, stress, and health risks can be silent killers. Regular checkups are a must.

- Work is important, but health is non-negotiable. We often ignore small signs, thinking we’re fine, until we’re not.

- Emergency preparedness matters. Knowing what to do in a crisis (and where the nearest hospital is) can save lives.

- Medical science still has mysteries. Even after 15+ tests, the cause of my BP spike remains unknown. But what’s clear is that taking care of one’s health is not an option. it’s a necessity,'' the post read.

Reflecting on the experience, Mishra called it an unexpected wake-up call. He questioned how his blood pressure could rise and fall so dramatically without warning. His ordeal has prompted many professionals to reconsider their lifestyles and the toll of work-related stress.

As he continues his recovery, Mishra shared a vital message—no job is worth risking one’s health. His experience serves as a stark reminder to prioritise well-being over professional commitments.

NBEMS launches official WhatsApp channel for real-time updates



NBEMS launches official WhatsApp channel for real-time updates

The platform will offer timely updates on examinations, accreditation, and training of medical professionals

Curated by Arunima Jha

Image by freepik

Apr 02, 2025

The National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS) has launched its official WhatsApp channel to give real-time updates about medical education. Students and stakeholders can access the channel through the following link:[https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbAseBd7T8bTcZS9mg20].

As per an official announcement made by NBEMS, "In order to enhance accessibility to crucial information, NBEMS has started its official WhatsApp channel, providing a trustworthy platform for real-time updates."

The channel is accessible to candidates, medical colleges, faculty members, and healthcare professionals. It will offer vital updates on:

- Examinations – Schedules for exams, information bulletins, application process, admit cards, and results.
- Accreditation – Details on accreditation procedures, eligibility, and application requirements for institutions applying for NBEMS accreditation.
- Training and Monitoring – Information on counselling for admissions to

NBEMS courses, registration of trainees, guidelines for training, submission of theses, webinars, and academic programs.

Will central govt employees retiring before January 1, 2026 lose out on 8th Pay Commission benefits?


Will central govt employees retiring before January 1, 2026 lose out on 8th Pay Commission benefits?

There is an increased concern among the central government employees and pensioners these days. There is a claim that the Centre is trying to create a distinction between two sets of pensioners - those who retired before January 2026 and the ones who will retire after that, through an amendment in the Finance Bill, 2025.

Written by Mithilesh Jha

April 1, 2025 16:10 IST


Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman issued a sharp rebuttal on Tuesday after P Chidambaram flagged a ‘cut’ in capital expenditure. She also accused the senior Congress leader of employing “selective arithmetic and flawed comparisons” to serve 'political rhetoric'.

8th Pay Commission: Will central government pensioners retiring before 1 January 2026 lose out on most benefits under the 8th Pay Commission?

There is an increased concern among the central government employees and pensioners these days. There is a claim that the Centre is trying to create a distinction between two sets of pensioners – those who retired before January 2026 and the ones who will retire after that, through an amendment in the Finance Bill, 2025.

Main Opposition party Congress sees a “hidden agenda” of the central government as far as the recent amendments to the pension rules are concerned. The government, however, maintained that the recent amendments are only a validation of existing pension policies and are not aimed at altering benefits for civil and defense pensioners.

Why did the pension controversy arise?

The issue arose when some changes were made in the Central Civil Services (CCS) pension rules in the Finance Bill 2025. Regarding this, leaders like the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) and Congress MP K.C. Venugopal alleged that the government could deprive pensioners who have retired or will retire before 2026 of the benefits of the 8th Pay Commission.

Amitrajit Kaur of AITUC called it a “betrayal of lakhs of pensioners”, while Venugopal termed it as the “hidden” agenda of the government. Some media reports also said that the 8th Pay Commission could put a financial burden of more than Rs 1 lakh crore on the government, making this change necessary.

But Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has completely rejected these speculations. Sitharaman, while replying to the discussion on the Finance Bill, 2025, and the Appropriation (No.3) Bill, 2025, in the Rajya Sabha, said that the recent amendments to pension rules are just a validation of existing policies and do not alter benefits for civil or defence pensioners.

The government approved the 8th Pay Commission in January 2025, which will come into effect from January 1, 2026. Its objective is to improve the salaries, allowances, and pensions of government employees and pensioners. This is not a new tradition — every 10 years, a new pay commission comes, which updates the salary and pension according to the time.

The 7th Pay Commission, which came into effect in 2016, ensured that pensioners who retired before and after 2016 would get an equal pension. That is, there should be no discrimination between old and new pensioners. According to government data, by March 1, 2025, about 36.57 lakh government employees and 33.91 lakh pensioners will be affected by this commission.

What does the government say about this pension disparity allegation?

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman clarified the controversy in Parliament on 27 March 2025. She said, “Pensioners who retired before 2016 got equal benefits under the 7th Pay Commission as those who retired after 2016, and this principle will continue.”

She also clarified that the change made in the Finance Bill is only a procedural reform, not any discrimination related to pension. Earlier, on 18 March 2025, she told MPs Kangana Ranaut and Sajda Ahmed that the recommendations of the 8th Pay Commission would be finalised soon and its financial impact would be assessed later. 

So will old pensioners suffer?

No. This entire controversy has arisen from a misinterpretation of technical amendments. The government aims to simplify pension calculations, not to exclude old pensioners.

The 8th Pay Commission recommendations will come by late 2026 or early 2027, and by then, revisions are likely to be made for all pensioners. Earlier too, the government has given one year’s arrears while implementing the Pay Commission, which could reduce financial pressure.

Summing up

So far, there is no concrete evidence that old pensioners will be excluded from the 8th Pay Commission. This controversy has only grown due to misunderstandings and speculations.

According to the Finance Minister’s statement, all pensioners will get the benefit of the Pay Commission. The outline of the 8th Pay Commission recommendations is expected to be finalised by April 2025. In such a situation, pensioners should pay attention to official announcements.

https://www.financialexpress.com/

Wednesday, April 2, 2025

KWA Service | Once Appointed As Assistant Engineer, Right To Opt For Degree Or Diploma Quota For Promotion Remains Open: Supreme Court


KWA Service | Once Appointed As Assistant Engineer, Right To Opt For Degree Or Diploma Quota For Promotion Remains Open: Supreme Court


27 Mar 2025 2:39 PM


The Supreme Court set aside the Kerala High Court's ruling on a seniority dispute between Kerala Water Authority's 'directly recruited' and 'promoted' Assistant Engineers. The Court held that Kerala Public Health Engineering Subordinate Service Rules, 1966 (Subordinate Service Rules) and Kerala Public Health Engineering Service Special Rules, 1960 (Special Rules) govern completely separate cadres. The court further held that Rule 4(b) of the Special Rules applies only after appointment as Assistant Engineer, and cannot be applied for lower promotions.

Background

Six employees of the Kerala Water Authority (KWA) were initially employed as Draftsmen and later promoted to Assistant Engineers. Four of them joined between 2005 and 2014 and were promoted to Assistant Engineers between 2015-2018. Two private respondents - Anoop VS and Bindu S - had joined directly as Assistant Engineers in 2005 and 2017 respectively.

A seniority list released by KWA showed the original Draftsmen as senior to the two directly recruited Assistant Engineers. This was challenged before the Kerala High Court. The two private respondents argued that the other employees had been promoted under the 'diploma quota' and could not later claim benefits under the 'degree quota.'

The Single Judge of the High Court ruled in favor of KWA and private respondents. It was held that Rule 4(b) of the Special Rules required promoted engineers to choose either the diploma or degree quota at the time of their promotion. The Division Bench upheld this decision, stating that employees who entered through the diploma quota could not switch to the degree quota later for further promotions. Aggrieved, Sajithabhai and other similarly situated employees approached the Supreme Court.

Arguments

Senior counsel Mr. Nikhil Goel, representing Sajithabhai, argued that the High Court erred in applying Rule 4(b) of the Special Rules at the stage of promotion to Assistant Engineer. He argued that appointments to Assistant Engineer are governed solely by the Subordinate Service Rules, which provide for recruitment through direct entry (60%) and promotion (40%). Under this scheme, 6% of the direct recruitment quota is reserved for in-service Draftsmen with engineering degrees. He argued that Sajithabhai, despite qualifying for the 6% quota, was promoted under the 40% quota.

Further, Goel submitted that the Special Rules apply only to promotions from Assistant Engineer to Assistant Executive Engineer. Rule 4(b) and its proviso gives an option to Assistant Engineers seeking further promotion but do not dictate how an individual becomes an Assistant Engineer. He further contended that the High Court's interpretation would unfairly disadvantage meritorious candidates who had both a diploma and degree, as it would allow a junior diploma-holder who obtained a degree later to surpass a senior.

Senior counsel Mr. V. Chitambaresh represented Kerala Water Authority and the private respondents. He argued that once the employees chose to be promoted under the diploma quota, they could not later claim seniority based on their degree qualifications. He relied on the Supreme Court's ruling in Chandravathi P.K. v. C.K. Saji (2004 INSC 101), which held that once an employee opts for a particular quota, they cannot later switch between diploma and degree streams for promotions.

Court's Reasoning

The Supreme Court first clarified that the Subordinate Service Rules and Special Rules govern different stages of employment. The Subordinate Service Rules apply to recruitment and promotion up to Assistant Engineer, while the Special Rules govern promotions beyond this rank. The Court held that the High Court erred in applying Rule 4(b) to appointments as Assistant Engineers, as this rule is relevant only for higher promotions.

Secondly, the Court held that Rule 4(b) gives an Assistant Engineer (regardless of their mode of entry) the option to choose between degree or diploma quota for promotion to Assistant Executive Engineer. The court rejected the High Court's finding that direct recruits and promotees must be placed in separate categories for seniority purposes. Instead, the Supreme Court ruled that once an individual becomes an Assistant Engineer, their future promotions are governed by a uniform framework.

Thirdly, the Court also dismissed the reliance on Chandravathi P.K., noting that the issue in that case was unrelated to the present matter. The court clarified that Chandravathi P.K. dealt with weightage for pre-degree service in determining eligibility for promotion, while the present case is about the applicability of Rule 4(b).

Finally, the Court held that the High Court's interpretation would create an arbitrary distinction disadvantaging meritorious candidates. The court illustrated that a junior diploma-holder who obtained a degree after promotion could overtake a senior diploma-degree holder, leading to absurd results. Citing K.P. Varghese v. ITO (1981 INSC 160), the Court reiterated that statutory interpretation must avoid such irrational and unintended consequences.

Thus, the Supreme Court allowed the appeals and set aside the High Court's judgments. Restoring the seniority lists as originally published, the court held that promoted Assistant Engineers are not bound by their initial quota selection and may exercise their option under Rule 4(b). However, the court clarified that this applies only when seeking promotion to Assistant Executive Engineer.

Decided on: March 18, 2025

Neutral Citation: 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 358 | Sajithabhai & Ors. v. Kerala Water Authority & Ors.

Counsel for the Appellants: Mr. Nikhil Goel

Counsel for the Private Respondents: Mr. V. Chitambaresh

Can Assistant Professors In Engineering Colleges Be Re-designated As Associate Professors Without PhD? Supreme Court Clarifies


Can Assistant Professors In Engineering Colleges Be Re-designated As Associate Professors Without PhD? Supreme Court Clarifies


1 Apr 2025 9:23 PM

The Supreme Court held that Assistant Professors in Engineering institutes(appointed after March 15, 2000), who did not have Ph.D qualification at the time of appointment or failed to acquire Ph.D within seven years of their appointment, cannot claim re-designation as Associate Professors in terms of the 2010 notification issued by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE).

At the same time, the Court also held that teachers who were appointed in various Engineering institutes prior to March 15, 2000, when PhD was not an essential requirement for the post of Assistant Professor, will receive the benefit and redesignation to the post of Associate Professor as per 6th Pay Commission.

"As far as such teachers are concerned who were appointed prior to 15.03.2000, we do not see any reason to disturb the findings of the High Court regarding their entitlements under the 6th Pay Commission, etc...The appellant shall release the higher pay scale to those respondents who are appointed prior to 15.03.2000 with an interest of 7.5% per annum on the arrears within a period of four weeks from today failing which the interest shall be calculated at the rate of 15% per annum," a bench of Justices Sudhanshu Dhulia and K Vinod Chandran held.

For the other remaining five Respondent-teachers who were appointed after this date when Ph.D became an essential requirement for the post of Assistant Professor, and they claimed the benefit of re-designation to Associate Professor in terms of higher pay scale but failed to acquire it within 7 years of appointment, relief was not granted.

"Under the circumstances, and in terms of what we have held above, the respondents who were appointed after 15.03.2000, who were non-Ph.D. and had also failed to acquire the same within seven years of appointment as was required, cannot be given the benefit of 2010 notification inasmuch as they cannot be given a higher pay scale or re-designated as an Associate Professor.

The phrase 'incumbent Assistant Professor' in the 2010 notification, to our mind, would only include such Assistant Professors working on the post who had a Ph.D. qualification at the time of their appointment or who though did not have a Ph.D. qualification at the time of their appointment but subsequently in terms of the notification dated 15.03.2000 read with subsequent notification dated 28.11.2005 acquired Ph.D. within seven years of their appointment or those appointed prior to 15.03.2000; when Ph.D. was not an essential qualification, continued uninterruptedly."

The Court added that as and when these teachers acquire a Ph.D, they would be at liberty to move an application before their respective institutes for higher pay and redesignation.

In this case, the Respondent-teachers, who possess a Master's degree, were appointed as Assistant Professors by the Appellant in the institutes between 1995 and 2009. Subsequent to the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE's) notification, the requirement for the post of Assistant Professor was Ph.D as per 5th Pay Commission.

All Respondents entered into an agreement to comply with the AICTE's notification for Ph.D to avail the benefits of the 5th pay revision. In 2005, AICTE again issued a notification stating that the Phd must be completed within 7 years from the date of appointment.

In 2010, the AICTE re-designated the posts in terms of the 6th Pay Commission, requiring that Assistant Professors who have completed 4 years of service in the pre-revised pay scale of pay scale of Rs.12000-18300 on January 1, 2006 shall be re-designated as Associate Professors. The Respondent teachers claimed the benefit of it, but they were denied on grounds that they did not possess a Ph.D degree, which was a mandatory requirement to be an Assistant Professor.

This was challenged before the Bombay High Court, which, relying on the decision of a coordinate bench, allowed the plea and the Respondent teachers were to be re-designated as Associate Professors and be given a higher pay scale as per the 6th Pay Commission. Subsequently, a review petition was filed, which also came to be dismissed. Both these orders were challenged before the Supreme Court.

Case Details: THE SECRETARY ALL INDIA SHRI SHIVAJI MEMORIAL SOCIETY (AISSMS) AND ORS. v. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ORS|SLP(C) No. 7058-7061/2019

Citation : 2025 LiveLaw (SC) 373

Senior Advocate Ravindra Shrivastava, assisted by Arjun Garg AOR appeared for the petitioner.

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